Albert Einstein
- Born:
- March 14, 1879, Ulm, Württemberg, Germany
- Died:
- April 18, 1955, Princeton, New Jersey, United States
- Nationality:
- German (1879–1896), Stateless (1896–1901), Swiss (1901–1955), German (1914–1918), American (1940–1955)
- Profession(s):
- Theoretical Physicist
Early Life and Education
- Received early education in Munich, Germany.
- Failed to obtain a diploma from the ETH Zurich at the first attempt.
- Graduated with a diploma in Physics from ETH Zurich in 1900.
- Obtained a Ph.D. from the University of Zurich in 1905.
Career and Major Achievements
- Worked as a patent clerk in Bern, Switzerland (1902-1909).
- Published his Annus Mirabilis papers in 1905, revolutionizing physics.
- Developed the theory of general relativity (1907-1915).
- Awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his explanation of the photoelectric effect.
- Served as Director of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physics in Berlin (1914-1933).
- Emigrated to the United States and joined the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton (1933).
- Wrote a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt urging research into atomic weapons (1939).
Notable Works
- Annus Mirabilis Papers (1905):
- Paper on the Photoelectric Effect
- Paper on Brownian Motion
- Paper on Special Relativity
- Paper on Mass-Energy Equivalence (E=mc²)
- General Theory of Relativity (1915)
- Relativity: The Special and the General Theory (1916)
Legacy and Impact
Albert Einstein is considered one of the most influential physicists of the 20th century. His theories of relativity revolutionized our understanding of space, time, gravity, and the universe. His work also had a profound impact on the development of quantum mechanics and nuclear energy. This section aims to provide a concise summary of Einstein's contributions, following the structure established in what some might consider a 'chander baljee biography of albert', but focusing on factual accuracy and avoiding personal interpretations.